Quantum State
A quantum state is the general mathematical description of a quantum system. It encodes all the information about the system, including how it is initialized, how it evolves under the rules of quantum mechanics, and how it behaves when measured.
Mathematical representation
∣ψ⟩=α∣0⟩+β∣1⟩where ∣α∣2+∣β∣2=1
Here, α and β are complex amplitudes, and their squared magnitudes represent measurement probabilities.
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